REAL WORLD EVENT DISCUSSIONS

Neil Armstrong assassinated, NASA has zero photos of him on the 'moon', NASA lost all video and data tapes from Apollo

POSTED BY: PIRATENEWS
UPDATED: Sunday, August 26, 2012 12:31
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Sunday, August 26, 2012 5:12 AM

PIRATENEWS

John Lee, conspiracy therapist at Hollywood award-winner History Channel-mocked SNL-spoofed PirateNew.org wooHOO!!!!!!




Medical doctors murdered Neil Armstrong, just like they genocide 10-million Americans every year.

Quote:

"Neil Armstrong, the first man to walk on the moon during the 1969 Apollo 11 mission, has died, following complications resulting from cardiovascular procedures. He was 82."
http://www.nasa.gov/topics/people/features/armstrong_obit.html

"Armstrong, 82, died yesterday after suffering complications from heart bypass surgery he had undergone earlier this month."

http://www.theaustralian.com.au/news/health-science/space-pioneer-neil
-armstrongs-death-one-giant-loss-for-mankind/story-e6frg8y6-1226458477439




Too bad Buzz Aldrin "forgot" to take any photos of Neil Armstrong on the "moon" during Apollo 11. When Neil Armstrong gave a speech at the Bohemian Grove presidential retreat and homosexual nudist compound for snuff kiddie porn, he refused to mention his walk on the "moon". Neil Armstrong told Bart Sibrel in Astronots Gone Wild, "You don't deserve answers" when asked if he walked on The Moon. NASA says the surface of the Moon has more deadly gamma rays than the surface of the Sun. Myth Busted!
www.piratenews.org/hollywood.html





Quote:

"The total number of deaths caused by conventional medicine is 783,936 per year. The American medical system is the leading cause of death and injury in the US. Leape's drug error rate would add another 216,000 deaths, for a total of 999,936. Our estimated 10-year total of 7.8 million iatrogenic deaths is more than all the casualties from all the wars fought by the US throughout its entire history, equivalent to six jumbo jets falling out of the sky each day."
—Gary Null PhD; Carolyn Dean MD ND; Martin Feldman MD; Debora Rasio MD; Dorothy Smith PhD, "Death by Medicine", March 2004 (plus 1-Million annual aborticides in USA)
www.lef.org/magazine/mag2004/mar2004_awsi_death_01.htm

50% of doctors and nurses still don't wash their hands.
http://women.webmd.com/news/20040706/study-doctors-dont-wash-hands-eno
ugh

http://www.timesonline.co.uk/tol/news/uk/scotland/article5375084.ece

Nurses Did Not Wash Hands, Blamed for Deaths of 90 British Patients
http://www.foxnews.com/story/0,2933,301482,00.html

247 Americans Die Every Day from Doctors not Washing Their Hands
http://www.naturalnews.com/027981_doctors_hand_washing.html

"Harold Shipman, the British family doctor who murdered more than 200 of his patients to become one of the worst serial killers of all time, hanged himself in his prison cell. Shipman was sentenced to life imprisonment in January 2000 for the murder of 15 female patients. An inquiry concluded that he was responsible for the deaths by lethal injection of at least another 200 patients."
—Reuters, "Britain's worst serial killer Dr 'Death' dies in prison," Jan 13, 2004
abc.net.au/news/newsitems/s1024925.htm

Merck brags Vioxx killed more people than Americans killed in the Vietnam War
ktradionetwork.com/2009/11/25/vioxx-scandal-news/

"If we do a great job on vaccines, we can lower global population."
-Billionaire Bill Gates, T.E.D. Con
http://fireflyfans.net/mthread.asp?b=18&t=42117&m=762472

Hussein Obama refuses flu vaccine
youtube.com/watch?v=UQeGhblzP-Y
youtube.com/watch?v=4RlVeJNT0QM

WHO chief refuses flu vaccine
google.com/hostednews/afp/article/ALeqM5irACiJBJQIdVCWQoIVvGqw-rMyvQ

Live H1N1 flu vaccine is contagious for 3 weeks
youtube.com/watch?v=NeHAwgotNn0

"We believe that within a period of five to ten years, it would be possible to produce a synthetic biological agent that does not naturally exist and for which no natural immunity could have been acquired. It would probably be possible to make a new infective microorganism which could be different in certain important aspects from any known disease-causing organism. It might be damaging to the immunological and therapeutic processes upon which we depend to maintain our relative freedom from infectious disease. A research program to explore feasibility could be completed in approximately five years at a cost of $10 million. Many believe such research should not be undertaken, lest it lead to yet another method of mass killing of large populations."
—Dr Donald MacArthur, Dept of the Army, ARPA, SYNTHETIC BIOLOGICAL AGENTS HOUSE BILL 15090, Subcommittee of the APPROPRIATIONS HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES, July 1, 1969, testimony on June 9, 1969
boydgraves.com

"The invention relates to a pathogenic mycoplasma isolated from patients with Aquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome AIDS."
—US Patent 5,242,820
gulfwarvets.com/mycoplas.htm

"A total population of 250-300 million people, a 95% decline from present levels, would be ideal."
-Ted Turner, founder of CNN News who was paid $3-billion salary tax-free in one day and owns 1,910,000 acres (more land in USA than any other US citizen), father of 5 kids, Bilderberg Secret Society
http://video.google.com/videoplay?docid=1070329053600562261

"Maintain humanity under 500,000,000 in perpetual balance with nature."
-Georgia Guidestones
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Georgia_Guidestones
teapacks.files.wordpress.com/2009/03/g1.jpg

Dr Rima Laibow MD: "The mass culling is about to begin."
youtube.com/watch?v=4Az0csNr5B0
sweetliberty.org/nobarbarians1.htm

"The nation’s largest abortion provider topped $1 billion in total net assets in 2009-2010, its first time reaching that mark, according to Planned Parenthood’s latest annual report. Almost half of the group’s annual revenue — 46 percent — comes from taxpayers in the form of grants, contracts and Medicaid payments, according to an analysis by the anti-abortion group Susan B. Anthony List."
-The Hill, Planned Parenthood tops $1 billion in assets, 12/30/11
http://thehill.com/blogs/healthwatch/abortion/201833-planned-parenthoo
d-tops-1-billion-in-assets


"In a lengthy interview with Bill Moyers released today, Microsoft billionaire Bill Gates reveals the inspiration for his funding of pro-abortion population control measures. Responding to a question by Moyers on how he came to fund “reproductive issues” Gates answered, “When I was growing up, my parents were always involved in various volunteer things. My dad was head of Planned Parenthood."
http://www.lifesitenews.com/news/archive/ldn/2003/may/03050902

Over 50% of all black babies aborted by medical doctors in USA today
http://blackgenocide.org/home.html
http://www.maafa21.com
http://www.blackwallstreet.freeservers.com
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/America's_Black_Holocaust_Museum
http://www.blacksandjews.com/JewsBlackHolocaust.html



"'People are too trusting, people don't ask the right questions.' Sometimes, being too trusting was equated with being too dumb. But sometimes when he would say that and say, 'People don't ask the right questions,' it was almost with a sense of regret, as if he were uneasy with what he was part of, and wished that people would challenge it and maybe not be so trusting."
-Dr. Lawrence Dunegan MD, quoting Dr. Richard Day MD who was director of Planned Parenthood paid $1-billion by the U.S. Govt to successfully genocide 100-million U.S. citizens, New Order of the Barbarians
http://100777.com/nwo/barbarians




Quote:

"Today we have with us a group of students, among America's best. To you we say we have only completed a beginning. We leave you much that is undone. There are great ideas undiscovered, breakthroughs available to those who can remove one of the truth's protective layers."
-Neil Armstrong, 25th anniversary of Apollo 11 at the White House, July 20, 1994





Quote:

"You do not deserve answers!"
-Neil Armstrong, Astronots Gone Wild



"As for walking on the moon, sometimes I wonder if that really happened. I can honestly say, and it's a great surprise to me, that I have never had a dream about being on the moon. It's a great disappointment to me."
-Lt Neil Armstrong, One Giant Leap: Apollo 11, page 303

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Sunday, August 26, 2012 6:08 AM

PIRATENEWS

John Lee, conspiracy therapist at Hollywood award-winner History Channel-mocked SNL-spoofed PirateNew.org wooHOO!!!!!!


This is the only photo of Neil Armstrong on the "moon" as a mere reflection in Buzz Aldrin's vizor:

Quote:



The reason no proper photos were taken of Neil Armstrong on the moon, was because Neil had the camera most of the time, so there are plenty of shots of Buzz but almost none of Armstrong.

After getting hold of a highest resolution scan possible of the famous Buzz Aldrin Visor Shot, I cropped out the Visor part and set about stretching and manipulating the image to overcome the spheracle effect of the visor, I then had to correct the color away from the Gold sheen that the visor had. Lastly the image was flipped to show how Neil actually would have looked rather than his mirror image.

Thanks to a good friend of Moonpans, Steven Smith, Neil Armstrong himself was presented with a small photo of the new shot, much to Neil's pleasent surprise.

http://moonpans.com/Neil_Armstrong_on_the_moon.htm




30 years after Apollo 11, Neil Armstrong finlly sees the 1st (photoshopped) photo of Neil Armstrong on the "moon"

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Sunday, August 26, 2012 8:59 AM

PIRATENEWS

John Lee, conspiracy therapist at Hollywood award-winner History Channel-mocked SNL-spoofed PirateNew.org wooHOO!!!!!!



Apollo 11's Buzz Aldrin poses in Hollywood with Joshua Poet singer of the Pirate News' Hollywood-award-winning music video "We Never Went To The Moon"

Conspiracy Scientist Pirate News Convinces Neil Armstrong Moon Landing Was Faked

LEBANON, OHIO—Apollo 11 mission commander and famed astronaut Neil Armstrong shocked reporters at a press conference Monday, announcing he had been convinced that his historic first step on the moon was part of an elaborate hoax orchestrated by the United States government.

According to Armstrong, he was forced to reconsider every single detail of the monumental journey after watching a few persuasive YouTube videos, and reading several blog posts on conspiracy scientist John Lee's website, Pirate News.

"I always wondered why I never dreamed about walking on the Moon," Armstrong replied. "It only took a few carefully crafted paragraphs published by this passionate skeptic of the U.S. government's so-called 'greatest technological achievement' for me to realize I had been living a lie," said a visibly emotional Armstrong, displaying a nervous tic while addressing reporters at his reclusive home.

"It has become painfully clear to me that on July 20, 1969, the Lunar Module under the control of my crew did not in fact travel 500,000 miles through deadly cosmic particles, touch down on the radioactive Moon covered with gamma rays in baked at 250-degrees to minus 250-degrees Fahrenheit, and take perfect photographs with a box-stock camera lacking a viewfinder, ushering in a new era for humanity during the Vietnam War. Instead, the entire thing was filmed on a soundstage, most likely in New Mexico."

Armstrong added, "I always wondered why CIA agents told us to wear hoods on our heads when traveling to NASA facilities. They didn't have to give me the needle, but they always did. I really enjoyed taking those naps. I have false memories of being electrocuted, but I never dreamed of walking on the Moon."

"This is the only logical interpretation of why no photographs exist of me walking on the moon, and why NASA lost all the videotapes and data tapes from Apollo," Armstrong admitted.

During his constant pee breaks, the Apollo 11 commander kept muttering to himself, "Why didn't the Apollo LEM have a rocket exhaust on the moon? Dumb fucks!"

Amstrong was swayed by PirateNews' use of videos, photographs and quotes from NASA employees to highlight NASA's many blatant fallacies.

"I mean, why did NASA name Apollo for Satan in Revelation 9:11? Does nobody read the freakin' Bible? As a Freemason, I was sworn to be killed if I ever revealed the secrets of our Satanic Masonic ritual on the 'moon', or to testify against any Freemason in court. No shit," Armstrong laughed nervously.


Although Armstrong confessed he refused to swear on a Bible that he walked on the Moon, he was finally admitting the Truth before The Great Architect Lucifer takes his immortal soul back to Bohemian Grove.

While Armstrong felt the effects of zero gravity while soaring in Low Earth Orbit, he now believed his memory must be flawed, and was merely soaring through the Earth's atmosphere on a Boeing Vomit Comet, then his capsule dropped out of a C130 by parachute. "That's the only way we could land beside an aircraft carrier, slow fucks," the Naval aviator bragged.

He also admitted feeling "ashamed" that he had failed to notice the rippling of the Masonic flag he and Colonel Buzz Aldrin planted on the surface, blaming his lack of awareness on the bulkiness of the spacesuit and his excitement about not having to naplam little children.

"That rippling is not possible in the vacuum of space," the Korean War bomber pilot said. "It must have been the wind from an air-conditioning duct that I didn't recognize because you can't hear a damn thing inside those helmets. Or maybe sour Kraut Von Braun was farting his ass off again. Other astronots could hear the lunar rover motor 'without an atmosphere' on the moon, but not me. That's because I lost my hearing while bombing little yellow soldiers. They looked so funny exploding in the air!"

"This is all just common sense, people," he added. "It's The Moon. You can't land on the fucking Moon, it's covered in deadly gamma radiation. I'm a freakin' aeronautical engineer, but NASA didn't even warn us about that back in '69. Bastards! I'm lucky they didn't kill me like they killed Gus and crew of Apollo 1, and a dozen other Apollo astronots murdered on Earth during Apollo. Holy shit! Holy mother of fuck!"

In a symbolic display of his scientific skepticism, Armstrong then grabbed a collection of "moon rocks" he was trying to sell as souvenirs and dramatically dumped them into a trash can. "I might as well after recent FBI SWAT raid on one of my 'moon' rock customers," Armstrong replied.

One of the main arguments posited on Lee's website—that America could not, in 1969, have realistically possessed the technological capabilities needed to put a man on the moon—was reportedly one of the first things to cause the legendary astronaut a pang of doubt they could get away with it.

Despite having spent thousands of hours training for the historic mission under the guidance of the world's top Nazi scientists, technicians, and killer military pilots, Armstrong said he knew the conspiracy theories were true after learning that website author Lee was "quite the engineering student, a pilot who built his own 450-mph jet aircraft from scratch, a world-class racing driver competing with British royalty on TV, a soldier whose job for the US government was bombing US military bases with controlled demolitions of 100 nuclear bombs, and a Hollywood-award-winning TV producer and radio host."

"Fucking Hell. He's an American badass!"

"I mean, NASA paid $7,000 for my star on Hollywood's Walk Of Fame, but John Lee actually won an award on Hollywood's Walk Of Fame. I didn't win shit," Armstrong explained. "I quit NASA after Apollo 11 to go back to school. Those Nazis at NASA scare me! Wernher Von Braun killed 25,000 slaves in his underground rocket lair at Nordhausen, then moved next door to John Lee in North Carolina. That's some fucked up shit."

"Yes, at the time I thought those thousands of NASA employees were working round the clock for the same unbelievable goal, but if anyone would know what was really going on, it would be John Lee," Armstrong said of the 50-year-young photojournalism/engineering student, Pentagon whistleblower who got a job offer from Secretary of War Dick Cheney. "He watched the launch of Apollo 17 and inspected the launching pads at Cape Kennedy, studied every inch of the Smithsonian Air & Space Museum in DC, and knows a lot more about faked moon landings than I ever could. He's been researching the subject on the Internet for years. He's even featured on History Channel alot more than I am."

"Literally years," Armstrong added. "And he's webmaster for AmericanAutobahn.com, as seen on History Channel at 212 miles per hour on a public highway, at night, in the rain, 100% legal. I'd trade my left nut and an X15 to do that!"

Addressing another inconsistency brought to light by Pirate News, Armstrong explained he was probably so focused on not crashing the lunar module again that he failed to notice that one of the moon rocks visible in footage of the landing appears to have the letter 'C' stamped on it. An emotional Armstrong said that the only possible explanation for this detail was that the rock actually came from NASA's prop department.

"Holy flaming fuck, they forgot to turn it over," the nutty professor said, removing his eyeglasses to wipe away tears. "Those lying fuckers at NASA went through all the trouble to fake the moon landing, but they forgot to turn over one little prop rock. And now the whole damn thing's blowing up in their faces."

Although Armstrong initially questioned why the U.S. would attempt such an elaborate cover-up, he cited one overarching explanation provided by Lee: that it was a ploy to merge USA with the Soviet Union and fulfill the Illuminati's plan to unify the world's jewish banks and create a Communist/fascist New World Order totalitarian dictatorship, then genocide 95% of the human race.

"Apollo 18 was the first time NASA admitted we were teamed with Communist Russia in Apollo, but the sheeple forget all that. The new scifi movie, Apollo 18, proves that the average idiot or news reporter can't use Google, and would play make believe that space aliens live on the Moon."

"Just ask John Lee," Armstrong said. "He'll answer any questions you have. Or better yet, go to PirateNews.org. They've got a great daily news feed that blows away any other news site on the planet. I get all my news from Pirate News!"

To conclude the press conference, Armstrong showed reporters video footage of an Apollo LEM blasting off from the moon to demonstrate that the most daming evidence was "right under our noses." Speeding up the tape and replaying the blast off several times in a row, Armstrong explained that the iconic images of humanity's triumphant departure from the moon failed to show any rocket exhaust. "How in the world could Stanley Kubrick fuck that up? Sure the dude smoked a lot of dope, but he said he could handle it. At Bohemian Grove Stan kept saying, 'The people are too stupid to notice. Now hold my dick while I pee on this redwood tree.'"

"NASA made too many mistakes, now it's all falling apart. That fucking illegal alien Obama cancelled the entire manned space program, including the Constellation 'return' to the Moon, yet keeps bragging about a manned flight to Mars. Bullshit! The Commie Chinese now own America, and even rewrote the script for Red Dawn in Hollywood," Armstrong raged.

"In the Korean War I killed alot of Commies for Mommy, then NASA made them part of the Apollo program! As a soldier, I take orders, even illegal ones, because I don't want to get fragged like Pat Tillman. Those fuckers didn't even give me single photo of me walking on the moon. Guess I should've held Nixon's dick at Bohemian Grove. But that whole Necrophilia Room thing freaked me out! I laughed my ass off when he resigned, but Watergate had nothing to do with it -- Halderman wrote that Nixon's Plumbers whacked JFK. I mean, if they can shoot JFK in front of a police station and get away with it on live TV, who the fuck am I?"

"When I read Operation Northwoods, how NASA would blame the Commies if we blew up again on the launch pad, and all those other false-flag terrorist acts by the US government against our own citizens, and even hiring enemy soldiers to attacking US military bases to start a world war...what other explanation could there be?" Armstrong warned. "It's all right here. Everything is all right here if you'd just open your damn eyes and see!"

Added Armstrong, "Jesus H. Christ. I suppose it really was one small step for man, one giant lie for mankind. Bart Sibrel was right and Buzz was an alcoholic. Fuck those CIA starwhackers. What can they do to me? The duck is in the noose. The fucking Moon!"

UPDATE: Neil Armstrong was assassinated by medical doctors shortly after this interview, during a "botched" heart bypass surgery.

http://piratenews-tv.blogspot.com/2012/08/neil-armstrong-assassinated-
nasa-has.html


Quote:

“I’m very concerned that the new plan, as I understand it, will prohibit us from having human access to low-earth orbit on our own rockets and spacecraft until the private aerospace industry is able to qualify their hardware under development as rated for human occupancy. With regard to President Obama’s 2010 plan, I have yet to find a person in NASA, the Defense Department, the Air Force, the national academies, industry or academia that had any knowledge of the plan prior to its announcement.'
-Neil Armstrong, CNS News, Obama’s NASA Plan a ‘Blueprint for a Mission to Nowhere’

"Private contractors are whacking people like crazy over for the CIA. It seems to have marked the first time the U.S. government outsourced a covert assassination service to private enterprise. Running operations through Blackwater gave the CIA the power to have people abducted, or killed, with no one in the government being exactly responsible. The program was kept from Congress for seven years. And when Leon Panetta told legislators about it in 2009, he revealed that the CIA had hired the private security firm Blackwater to help run it. Enrique Prado, a high-ranking CIA-officer-turned-Blackwater-employee, oversaw assassination units for both the CIA and the contractor. A federal organized crime squad run out of the Miami-Dade Police Department produced an investigation allegedly tying Prado to seven murders carried out while he worked as a bodyguard for a narco crime boss. At the time, the CIA declared him unavailable for questioning; the investigation was shut down before he was arrested or tried. While Blackwater's covert unit began as a Bush administration story, President Obama now owns it. In 2010, his administration intervened on behalf of the Blackwater executives indicted for weapons trafficking, filing motions to suppress evidence on the grounds that it could compromise national security. The administration then awarded Blackwater (which is now called Academi) a $250 million contract to perform unspecified services for the CIA. At the same time, Obama has publicly taken responsibility for some lethal operations -- the Navy SEALs' sniper attack on Somali pirates, the raid on bin Laden. His aides have also said that he reviews target lists for drone strikes. The president's actions give him the appearance of a man who wants the best of both worlds. He appears as a tough, resolute leader when he announces his role in killings that will likely be popular -- a pirate, a terrorist. But the apparatus for less accountable killings grinds on."
-The Atlantic, How to Get Away With Murder in America: The Terrifying Background of the Man Who Ran a CIA Assassination Unit, 18 Jul 2012
http://www.legitgov.org/Private-contractors-are-whacking-people-crazy-
over-Afghanistan-CIA


"In the early 1960s, America's top military leaders reportedly drafted plans to kill innocent people and commit acts of terrorism in U.S. cities to create public support for a war against Cuba. Code named Operation Northwoods, the plans reportedly included the possible assassination of Cuban émigrés, sinking boats of Cuban refugees on the high seas, hijacking planes, blowing up a U.S. ship, and even orchestrating violent terrorism in U.S. cities. The plans were developed as ways to trick the American public and the international community into supporting a war. America's top military brass even contemplated causing U.S. military casualties, writing: 'We could blow up a U.S. ship in Guantanamo Bay and blame Cuba,' and, 'casualty lists in U.S. newspapers would cause a helpful wave of national indignation.' The Joint Chiefs even proposed using the potential death of astronaut John Glenn during the first attempt to put an American into orbit as a false pretext for war with Cuba, the documents show. Should the rocket explode and kill Glenn, they wrote, "the objective is to provide irrevocable proof … that the fault lies with the Communists."
-ABC News, U.S. Military Wanted to Provoke War With Cuba, 1 May 2001
http://abcnews.go.com/US/story?id=92662&page=1
http://www.gwu.edu/~nsarchiv/news/20010430/



Apollo Moonwalk Chillout MP3
http://www.archive.org/details/ApolloMoonwalkChillout&reCache=1


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Sunday, August 26, 2012 9:08 AM

PENGUIN








King of the Mythical Land that is Iowa

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Sunday, August 26, 2012 11:37 AM

M52NICKERSON

DALEK!




I do not fear God, I fear the ignorance of man.

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Sunday, August 26, 2012 12:31 PM

PIRATENEWS

John Lee, conspiracy therapist at Hollywood award-winner History Channel-mocked SNL-spoofed PirateNew.org wooHOO!!!!!!




The Asch Experiment

by Saul McLeod
Simply Psychology
published 2008

Imagine yourself in the following situation: You sign up for a psychology experiment, and on a specified date you and seven others whom you think are also participants arrive and are seated at a table in a small room.

You don't know it at the time, but the others are actually associates of the experimenter, and their behavior has been carefully scripted. You're the only real participant.

The experimenter arrives and tells you that the study in which you are about to participate concerns people's visual judgments. She places two cards before you. The card on the left contains one vertical line. The card on the right displays three lines of varying length.

The experimenter asks all of you, one at a time, to choose which of the three lines on the right card matches the length of the line on the left card. The task is repeated several times with different cards.

On some occasions the other "participants" unanimously choose the wrong line. It is clear to you that they are wrong, but they have all given the same answer.

What would you do? Would you go along with the majority opinion, or would you "stick to your guns" and trust your own eyes?

If you where involved in this experiment how do you think you would behave? Would you conform to the majority’s viewpoint?

Solomon Asch - Conformity Experiment

Asch believed that the main problem with Sherif's (1935) conformity experiment was that there was no correct answer to the ambiguous autokinetic experiment. How could we be sure that a person conformed when there was no correct answer? Asch (1951) devised what is now regarded as a classic experiment in social psychology, whereby there was an obvious answer to a line judgment task. If the participant gave an incorrect answer it would be clear that this was due to group pressure.

Aim: Solomon Asch (1951) conducted an experiment to investigate the extent to which social pressure from a majority group could affect a person to conform.

Procedure: Asch used a lab experiment to study conformity, whereby 123 male students from Swarthmore College in the USA participated in a ‘vision test’. Using the line judgment task, Asch put a naive participant in a room with four to six confederates. The confederates had agreed in advance what their responses would be when presented with the line task. The real participant did not know this and was led to believe that the other seven participants were also real participants like themselves. Each person in the room had to state aloud which comparison line (A, B or C) was most like the target line. The answer was always obvious. The real participant sat at the end of the row and gave his or her answer last. In some trials, the seven confederates gave the wrong answer. There were 18 trials in total and the confederates gave the wrong answer on 12 trails (called the critical trials). Asch was interested to see if the real participant would conform to the majority view.
Results: Asch measured the number of times each participant conformed to the majority view. On average, about one third (32%) of the participants who were placed in this situation went along and conformed with the clearly incorrect majority on the critical trials. Over the 12 critical trials about 75% of participants conformed at least once and 25% of participant never conformed.

Conclusion: Why did the participants conform so readily? When they were interviewed after the experiment, most of them said that they did not really believe their conforming answers, but had gone along with the group for fear of being ridiculed or thought "peculiar". A few of them said that they really did believe the group's answers were correct.

Apparently, people conform for two main reasons: because they want to fit in with the group (normative influence) and because they believe the group is better informed than they are (informational influence).

Evaluation: All participants were male students who all belonged to the same age group (biased sample). The task (judging line lengths) was artificial (low in ecological validity) as it is unlikely to happen in everyday life. Therefore, it is not similar to a real life situation demonstrating conformity.

Finally, there are ethical issues: participants were not protected from psychological stress which may occur if they disagreed with the majority. Asch deceived the student volunteers claiming they were taking part in a 'vision' test; the real purpose was to see how the 'naive' participant would react to the behavior of the confederates.

The Asch (1951) study has also been called a child of its time (as conformity was the social norm in 1950’s America). The era of individualism, ‘doing your own thing’, did not take hold until the 1960s.

Perrin and Spencer (1980) carried out an exact replication of the original Asch experiment using British engineering, mathematics and chemistry students as participants. The results were clear cut: on only one out of 396 trials did a participant conform with the incorrect majority. This shows the Asch experiment has poor reliability.

Asch Conformity Video Clip
The clip below is not from the original experiment in 1951, but an acted version for television from the 1970s.

Factors Affecting Conformity

In further trials, Asch (1951) changed the procedure (i.e. independent variables) in order to investigate which factors influenced the level of conformity (dependent variable). His results and conclusions are given below:

Factors Increasing Conformity Factors Decreasing Conformity
Size of the Group

•Conformity tends to increase as the size of the group increases.
•However, there is little change in conformity once the group size reaches 4-5. With one other person (i.e. confederate) in the group conformity was 3%, with two others it increased to 13% and with three or more it was 32% (or 1/3).
•Because conformity does not seem to increase in groups larger than four, this is considered the optimal group size.

Lack of Group Unanimity / Agreement

•When one other person in the group gave a different answer from the others, and the group answer was not unanimous, conformity dropped.
•Asch (1951) found that even the presence of just one confederate that goes against the majority choice can reduce conformity as much as 80%.
•This suggests that individuals conform because they are concerned about what other people think of them (i.e. normative influence).

Difficulty of Task

•When the (comparison) lines (e.g. A, B, C) were made more similar in length it was harder to judge the correct answer and conformity increased.
•When we are uncertain, it seems we look to others for confirmation. The more difficult the task the greater the conformity.
Answer in Private

•When participants were allowed to answer in private (so the rest of the group do not know their response) conformity decreases.

•This is because there is less groups pressure and normative influence is not as powerful, as there is no fear of rejection from the group.

Status of Majority Group

•If someone is of high status (e.g. your boss) or has a lot of knowledge (e.g. your teacher), they might be more influential, and so people will conform to their opinions more (e.g. informational influence).
•The higher the status of the group the higher the level of conformity.

Further Information

Solomon Asch - Conformity


References

Asch, S. E. (1951). Effects of group pressure upon the modification and distortion of judgment. In H. Guetzkow (ed.) Groups, leadership and men. Pittsburgh, PA: Carnegie Press.

Perrin, S. & Spencer, C. (1980) The Asch effect: a child of its time? Bulletin of the British Psychological Society, 32, 405-406.

Sherif, M., & Sherif, C. W. (1953): Groups in harmony and tension. New York: Harper & Row.

How to cite this article:

McLeod, S. A. (2008). Asch Experiment. Retrieved from http://www.simplypsychology.org/asch-conformity.html

http://www.udel.edu/communication/COMM356/pavitt/chap6.htm

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