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BEWARE: Hyperpartisanship rots your brain

POSTED BY: SIGNYM
UPDATED: Sunday, March 14, 2021 21:02
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Sunday, March 14, 2021 1:15 AM

SIGNYM

I believe in solving problems, not sharing them.


Quote:

Recent research using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) techniques is allowing us to peer into the connections, yet shrouded in mystery, between local brain activity, cognitive processes, and partisan attachment. This developing body of knowledge has revealed the profound importance of evolution in shaping the ways in which our brains process all kinds of information, in particular political information. At the center of this evolutionary journey is the importance of groups—of being initiated and accepted into them, of aligning ourselves with them, of being loyal to them regardless of philosophical considerations. The social dynamics of group membership and participation are programmed more deeply into our brains than is abstract philosophizing. “In other words, people will go along with the group, even if the ideas oppose their own ideologies—belonging may have more value than facts.” Because we once moved from place to place as nomads, such groups are our homes even more than any physical locations are.

We now have decades of research suggesting—if not proving—“the ubiquity of emotion-?biased motivated reasoning,” reasoning that is qualitatively different from the kind operating when subjects are engaged in “cold reasoning,” where the subjects lack a “strong emotional stake” in the subjects at issue. Coupled with a growing literature on the startling character and extent of political ignorance, the current state has dire implications for human freedom. The stakes are high: in their 2018 study of why and how partisanship impairs the brain’s ability to process information objectively, NYU researchers Jay J. Van Bavel and Andrea Pereira note that “partisanship can alter memory, implicit evaluation, and even perceptual judgments.” One recent study, published last fall by a team from Berkeley, Stanford, and Johns Hopkins, set out to better understand how partisan biases develop in the brain. The researchers had subjects watch a series of videos, using fMRI to explore the “neural mechanisms that underlie the biased processing of real-?world political content.” The results showed that partisan team members process identical information in highly biased and motivated ways. The researchers locate this neural polarization in the part of the brain known as the dorsomedial prefrontal cortex, a region associated with understanding and formulating narratives. The study also found, perhaps unsurprisingly, that to the extent a given participant’s brain activity during the videos aligned with that of the “average liberal” or “average conservative,” the participant was more likely to take up that group’s position.

The study accords with years of previous research showing that partisans’ opinions on important social, political, and economic issues are affected by subconscious brain processes—processes of which they’re neither aware nor in control. This ought to be deeply concerning to everyone who belongs to a political team: processes are taking place in your brain, underneath or beyond the level of direct awareness, that are informing your conclusions about important social and political issues. To reflect on this for even a moment should fill anyone who aspires to critical thinking or rationality with a kind of dread, for loyalty to the team seems to be overriding the higher faculties of the mind. But, the authors are careful to note, it’s important not to interpret these results as pointing to some kind of determinism, whereby we can’t choose how to think or what we believe. As one of the study’s authors, Stanford psychologist Jamil Zaki, says, “Critically, these differences do not imply that people are hardwired to disagree.” Rather, these neural pathways seem to be carved largely by the kinds and sources of the media we consume.

Therefore, it is important to expose yourself to ALL KINDS of ideas- ones that are agreeable and others not so much.

Reading and listening in a bubble ... rots your brain.

It also points out why TPTB want to control ALL of the media that you're exposed to. If they can control the media, they can control you.

MORE AT https://libertarianinstitute.org/articles/how-partisan-politics-rots-y
our-brain
/

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Sunday, March 14, 2021 5:37 AM

1KIKI

Goodbye, kind world (George Monbiot) - In common with all those generations which have contemplated catastrophe, we appear to be incapable of understanding what confronts us.



links from the original article

Why Partisanship Is Such a Worthy Foe of Objective Truth
https://www.discovermagazine.com/mind/why-partisanship-is-such-a-worth
y-foe-of-objective-truth


Neural Bases of Motivated Reasoning: An fMRI Study of Emotional Constraints on Partisan Political Judgment in the 2004 U.S. Presidential Election
(link broken to improve formatting)
http://www.datascienceassn.org/sites/default/files/Neural% 20Bases%20of%20Motivated% 20Reasoning%20-%20An%20fMRI% 20Study%20of%20Emotional%20Constraints%20on%20Partisan%20Political%20Judgment%20in%20the% 202004%20U.S.%20Presidential%20Election.pdf


Democracy and Political Ignorance
Ilya Somin asks, “What happens in a democracy when voters don’t know what they’re voting for or against?”
https://www.libertarianism.org/media/free-thoughts-podcast/democracy-p
olitical-ignorance


The Partisan Brain: An Identity-Based Model of Political Belief
https://nyuscholars.nyu.edu/en/publications/the-partisan-brain-an-iden
tity-based-model-of-political-belief


Conservative and liberal attitudes drive polarized neural responses to political content
https://www.pnas.org/content/117/44/27731.short

Emory Study Lights Up The Political Brain
https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2006/01/060131092225.htm

A massive experiment on choice blindness in political decisions: Confidence, confabulation, and unconscious detection of self-deception
https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0171
108


Partisanship, Political Knowledge, and the Dunning-Kruger Effect
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/324176922_Partisanship_Politi
cal_Knowledge_and_the_Dunning-Kruger_Effect


Dunning–Kruger effect
https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dunning%E2%80%93Kruger_effect

In search of the moral-psychological and neuroevolutionary basis of political partisanship
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5619210/

The Psychology of Freedom: Against Evolutionary Psychology
Evolutionary psychology is not a “psychology of freedom.”
https://www.libertarianism.org/columns/psychology-freedom-against-evol
utionary-psychology


How Identity, Not Issues, Explains the Partisan Divide
https://www.scientificamerican.com/article/how-identity-not-issues-exp
lains-the-partisan-divide
/

Culture War Partisanship and Its Discontents
America may be increasingly polarized–but the split is cultural, not ideological.
https://www.libertarianism.org/columns/culture-war-partisanship-its-di
scontents


The Ideological Turing Test
https://www.econlib.org/archives/2011/06/the_ideological.html

Tribal Psychology and Political Behavior
https://www.econlib.org/library/Columns/y2018/KlingMason.html

Tribalism Is Human Nature
https://cpb-us-e2.wpmucdn.com/sites.uci.edu/dist/1/863/files/2019/10/C
lark-et-al-2019.pdf


Journal of Experimental Psychology:
General
The Partisan Mind: Is Extreme Political Partisanship Related to Cognitive Inflexibility?
https://docs.wixstatic.com/ugd/a64c5e_d74504da38e04b428f632aaeb64fcd61
.pdf


The partisan brain: cognitive study suggests people on the left and right are more similar than they think
https://theconversation.com/the-partisan-brain-cognitive-study-suggest
s-people-on-the-left-and-right-are-more-similar-than-they-think-123578


Partisan Bias and Information Discounting in Economic Judgments
https://www.jstor.org/stable/43783743

Neural nonpartisans
https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/17457289.2020.1801695

10 Aug Brain Patterns Differ Between Partisans and Political Non-Partisans
https://medicalresearch.com/author-interviews/brain-patterns-differ-be
tween-partisans-and-political-non-partisans/55077
/

When Tribalism Goes Bad
https://www.psychologytoday.com/us/blog/social-empathy/201903/when-tri
balism-goes-bad



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Sunday, March 14, 2021 9:38 AM

6IXSTRINGJACK


Quote:

Originally posted by 1KIKI:

links from the original article

Why Partisanship Is Such a Worthy Foe of Objective Truth




Without reading it, here's what I think is in there, or what I'd have put in there if it wasn't...

1. No matter how you identify, I think it would be extremely hard to downright impossible to find another person who lives in your own society that doesn't at least agree on 50% of every issue if all of the cards were laid out on the table and everybody was being completely honest with themselves and each other. (Maybe you wouldn't reach 50% if we're talking entirely different cultures half a world away that were brought up with entirely different values in the society that they lived in).

2. Nobody is pure good or pure evil.

3. Hyper-partisanship isn't just a great political tool, but it also makes for an excellent consumer base for targeted advertising, which itself is incentive to become even more hyper-partisan over time. Both to keep your existing audience and to expand.*

4. Hyper-partisanship is an easy trap to fall into because it appeals to several human flaws.

a) It allows people to be lazy. Going with the flow is easy. Being a part of the mob is easy. Sitting in an echo chamber is easy. Turning off your brain and not engaging in any critical thinking is easy. Letting somebody else tell you and the rest of the mob what to think is easy.

b) It allows you to feel righteous. Short of that, it allows you to feel that despite any flaws you have, whether you ever admit them to yourself or not, that you are better than the people who aren't a part of your particular club. This flaw can be potentially dangerous, and is quite easy to spot when you see the Roomba and Nilbot call everyone a fascist or a Nazi, and JSF call everyone else a Libtard.


* I think a fascinating experiment would be to collect a week's worth of Cable News Network ads ran on FOX and CNN, filter out the ads that they both show (pharmaceuticals, cell phone plans, car insurance, etc.) and
then do an examination of the ones that either network only shows to their viewers.



--------------------------------------------------

" 'You're like the Nazis' is the new 'I don't like you'. That disqualifies her from marching around planet Who-Gives-a-Shit in a helmet? ~Bill Maher

Collection of links to Second's, Nilbog's and Marcos' death threats: https://cutt.ly/tkCvEX6

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Sunday, March 14, 2021 10:14 AM

6IXSTRINGJACK


Wow...

https://www.instagram.com/p/CMLSNZIgM_O/


If Sarah keeps this up, I'm going to owe her an apology for shitting all over her.

What an amazing thing if 2021 is the year that Sarah Silverman decides she wants to be funny again.

I hope she's prepared for the mob she has to know she's going to get just for posting that video.





ETA: I transcribed it.

Quote:

It's the absolutest-ness of the party I am in that is such a turnoff to me.
It is so fucking elitist, you know, for something called Progressive, it allows for zero progress.
It's all or nothing. No steps toward. All or fucking nothing.
Again... Righteousness porn.
And I've been thinking about this a lot, just in general.
I just, I don't know that I want to be associated with any party.
I really, I think I don't want to be associated with any party anymore.
It just, it comes with too much baggage.
Every party. It comes with so much fucking baggage that no ideas can be taken at face value.
And without ideas, what are we?
Without a common truth, how can we talk about it?
You know, Republicans might hear an idea they would totally agree with, but if it comes from AOC, then they hate it.
And of course, you know, to be honest, when I hear an idea that comes from a Republican, it's suspect to me.
We all put... we all put too much shit on this stuff.
We no longer are able to be a nation of ideas.




--------------------------------------------------

" 'You're like the Nazis' is the new 'I don't like you'. That disqualifies her from marching around planet Who-Gives-a-Shit in a helmet? ~Bill Maher

Collection of links to Second's, Nilbog's and Marcos' death threats: https://cutt.ly/tkCvEX6

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Sunday, March 14, 2021 1:44 PM

SECOND

The Joss Whedon script for Serenity, where Wash lives, is Serenity-190pages.pdf at https://www.mediafire.com/folder/1uwh75oa407q8/Firefly


What fueled humans’ big brains? Controversial paper proposes new hypothesis

Stephanie Pappas writes:

Over the course of the Pleistocene epoch, between 2.6 million years ago and 11,700 years ago, the brains of humans and their relatives grew. Now, scientists from Tel Aviv University have a new hypothesis as to why: As the largest animals on the landscape disappeared, the scientists propose, human brains had to grow to enable the hunting of smaller, swifter prey.

This hypothesis argues that early humans specialized in taking down the largest animals, such as elephants, which would have provided ample fatty meals. When these animals’ numbers declined, humans with bigger brains, who presumably had more brainpower, were better at adapting and capturing smaller prey, which led to better survival for the brainiacs.

Ultimately, adult human brains expanded from an average of 40 cubic inches (650 cubic centimeters) at 2 million years ago to about 92 cubic inches (1,500 cubic cm) on the cusp of the agricultural revolution about 10,000 years ago. The hypothesis also explains why brain size shrank slightly, to about 80 cubic inches (1,300 cubic cm), after farming began: The extra tissue was no longer needed to maximize hunting success.

This new hypothesis bucks a trend in human origins studies. Many scholars in the field now argue that human brains grew in response to a lot of little pressures, rather than one big one. But Tel Aviv University archaeologists Miki Ben-Dor and Ran Barkai argue that one major change in the environment would provide a better explanation.

"We see the decline in prey size as a unifying explanation not only to brain expansion, but to many other transformations in human biology and culture, and we claim it provides a good incentive for these changes," Barkai wrote in an email to Live Science. "[Scholars of human origins] are not used to looking for a single explanation that will cover a diversity of adaptations. It is time, we believe, to think otherwise."

More at https://www.livescience.com/human-brain-evolution-prey-size.html

People who eat without hunting or growing their own food are living in an easy environment that does not force them to be sane and smart or else dead. They can indulge themselves with crazy and stupid beliefs because being wrong won't kill them, or hurt them, or even cause tubby Americans to lose weight. It is very unsurprising that an environment such as America, with almost no quick and brutal penalties for being wrong, would become a place for hyper-partisanship to thrive.

The Joss Whedon script for Serenity, where Wash lives, is Serenity-190pages.pdf at www.mediafire.com/folder/1uwh75oa407q8/Firefly

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Sunday, March 14, 2021 2:42 PM

SIGNYM

I believe in solving problems, not sharing them.


I still think this whole "man the hunter" idea is mostly wrong.

There is an interesting paper that compares the human gut to various ape guts, and argues that proto-humans mostly ate plant matter because our guts are generalized, like chimp gut. It acknowledges that we need to eat meat because we don't have the digestive system that can host bacteria that produce B12. Also, unlike carnivores, we can't make our own vitamin C, so we are ... as KIKI/RUE has pointed out ... OBLIGATE OMNIVORES. We MUST eat both fresh plants and animals.

But any explanation of our evolutionary history never examines the role of micronutrients. You don't see rainforest gorrillas with goiter, or inland chimps with vitamin A deficiency. The most common micronutrient deficiencies in humns worldwide are iodine, vitamin A, and vitamin D. Also, human have a very high dietary requirement for omega-3 oils, compared to apes.

That argues that, for a portion of our evolutionary history, we evolved near the sea, where iodine, vitamins A and D, and fish oil, were abundant. It would have been extremely easy to learn to walk upright in water (in fact, it would have been a necessity) and to learn to use stones to crack open shellfish, which you can practice over and over again because they don't run away. (Aquatic Ape, Elaine Morgan) Also, with our general lack of defensive weaponry, we prolly evolved on an island without significant predators. But that's another story.

IMHO ... and I've never seen anyone else pose this ... our trip back to inland may have been as marrow-eating scavengers ... a niche occupied only by one other animal (hyenas) ... bc our tool use could have been expanded to cracking bones. Bones also don't run away.

The one thing that comes clear in our evolutionary history is that we've always been SOCIAL animals. At some point, human babies began to be born pre-term... that is, they had to be CARRIED for a year, putting a significant crimp in the food-gathering capability of the carer. I imagine that would have accelerated the pressure to form more tightly-knit societies, since any lineage that couldn't raise young to reproductive age would simply have died out. And since being part of a group is so hardwired into most human brains as a dire evolutionary necessity, I see that drive continuing today.


-----------
Pity would be no more,
If we did not MAKE men poor - William Blake

THUGR posts about Putin so much, he must be in love.

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Sunday, March 14, 2021 5:07 PM

6IXSTRINGJACK


There is something to say about not knowing how to do anything for yourself or ever having the need to even learn though.

How many kids do you think are going to go back to school in the next few months with an additional 50lbs after a year of binge watching Netflix and playing video games while slamming Monster "energy" drinks and stuffing their fat lazy faces with Cheetos?


--------------------------------------------------

" 'You're like the Nazis' is the new 'I don't like you'. That disqualifies her from marching around planet Who-Gives-a-Shit in a helmet? ~Bill Maher

Collection of links to Second's, Nilbog's and Marcos' death threats: https://cutt.ly/tkCvEX6

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Sunday, March 14, 2021 6:38 PM

REAVERFAN


Quote:

Originally posted by 6ixStringJack:
There is something to say about not knowing how to do anything for yourself or ever having the need to even learn though.

How many kids do you think are going to go back to school in the next few months with an additional 50lbs after a year of binge watching Netflix and playing video games while slamming Monster "energy" drinks and stuffing their fat lazy faces with Cheetos?



Why do Nazis always assume that everyone else is like they are?



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Sunday, March 14, 2021 6:40 PM

REAVERFAN


Quote:

Originally posted by 6ixStringJack:

Without reading it, here's what I think is in there,..


Hyperpartisanship really DOES rot your brain.



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Sunday, March 14, 2021 7:11 PM

1KIKI

Goodbye, kind world (George Monbiot) - In common with all those generations which have contemplated catastrophe, we appear to be incapable of understanding what confronts us.



There were people that did propose that humans on the African savannas were bone-scavengers, but I don't remember who proposed that.

Humans are SO different in our nutritional requirements/ tolerances from other great apes that it makes using them as surrogates for us in nutritional studies very difficult. I remember reading a nutritional scientist talking about chimps v humans in cholesterol/ atherosclerosis studies saying that humans can tolerate huge quantities of fat in our diet, a twentieth of which would kill a chimp. And then there's the question of salt. We humans can tolerate A LOT of salt over many decades (certainly past breeding age) before it kills us.

Like all primates we do require vitamin C. Also, other primates, even monkeys, require dietary B12. In fact all animals require B12 which is strictly a product of microbes, the only question is how they get it. Some animals harbor B12 in their 'foregut'; ie they have multiple stomachs where microbes digest the food and produce B12, the animals then digest the microbes as food along with B12. Some animals have microbes in their 'hindgut'. Some animals like rabbits, though, can't absorb the B12 from their hindgut and so routinely eat feces. Primates also have microbes in their hindgut that produce B12 which they can't absorb, and occasionally eat feces. Some primates like chimps hunt, but not everybody gets to eat meat. So B12 seems to comes from insects, which even gorillas, orangutans, and various monkey species eat (not just chimps fishing for termites with sticks or grass).

BTW recent evidence indicates that Neanderthals also underwent a transition to eating seafood as the latest glaciation advanced, as big game became harder and harder to hunt and conditions became extreme. And that as a species Neanderthals were mostly gone by the time Sapiens came along, due to population fragmentation and isolation, the same way mountain lions are disappearing in SoCal. But that's another story.

Anyway, humans have DISTINCT differences from the other great apes in dietary retirements and tolerances, perhaps centered around iodine requirements, salt tolerance, and fat tolerance.


To me the biggest indicator of our seaside evolution is that we have so MANY variations (roughly 1400) in our salt-handling genetics - the so-called cystic fibrosis gene. That gene is so HIGHLY conserved (unaltered) across so MANY species that until recently there was no animal model at all to use for laboratory study. And an effective treatment for cystic fibrosis is inhaling salt-laden aerosols as a breathing treatment. To me that indicates that somewhere in our particular recent evolutionary history, our salt-handling genetics were drastically altered to accommodate a salt-laden environment.

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Sunday, March 14, 2021 7:34 PM

1KIKI

Goodbye, kind world (George Monbiot) - In common with all those generations which have contemplated catastrophe, we appear to be incapable of understanding what confronts us.



But that's a far cry from hyperpartisanship.

Many animals are 'tribal' in the sense that they recognize individuals that belong or don't belong to the group, whether their groups are called herds, pods, troops ... and so on. And animals that live in groups have 'routines' for dealing with strangers in one way or another.

As I've recently heard though, what makes human group-living different is that humans form large collectives that aren't comprised of individuals that all know each other personally and that have some kind of familial relationship. The binding of humans into large groups has been proposed to be a result of language, specifically abstract language about things which don't provably exist in the real world - god(s) and the arbitrary rules we choose to follow like which foods we can eat and when, how we arrange our hair, and so on, that make 'us' different from 'them'.


An unanswered question of mine is whether or not humans are hierarchical. Since wherever you look you can find entire groups exhibiting decades-long behaviors not typical for the species - peaceable baboons in Kenya, courtly dolphins off of western Australia - I do wonder if human hierarchy is a result of our social structures - like Goodall's tyrant-chimps - rather than a cause.

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Sunday, March 14, 2021 8:27 PM

JONGSSTRAW


Quote:

Originally posted by 6ixStringJack:

If Sarah keeps this up, I'm going to owe her an apology for shitting all over her.

What an amazing thing if 2021 is the year that Sarah Silverman decides she wants to be funny again.

I hope she's prepared for the mob she has to know she's going to get just for posting that video.


I liked her in 1996's Star Trek Voyager episode 'Future's End'. And a year later I liked her in a memorable Seinfeld episode. Other than that I got no love for that crazy bitch.

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Sunday, March 14, 2021 8:42 PM

6IXSTRINGJACK


Behave yourself Roomba, or I'll let the authorities know what your IP address is.




--------------------------------------------------

" 'You're like the Nazis' is the new 'I don't like you'. That disqualifies her from marching around planet Who-Gives-a-Shit in a helmet? ~Bill Maher

Collection of links to Second's, Nilbog's and Marcos' death threats: https://cutt.ly/tkCvEX6

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Sunday, March 14, 2021 9:02 PM

6IXSTRINGJACK


Quote:

Originally posted by Jongsstraw:
Quote:

Originally posted by 6ixStringJack:

If Sarah keeps this up, I'm going to owe her an apology for shitting all over her.

What an amazing thing if 2021 is the year that Sarah Silverman decides she wants to be funny again.

I hope she's prepared for the mob she has to know she's going to get just for posting that video.


I liked her in 1996's Star Trek Voyager episode 'Future's End'. And a year later I liked her in a memorable Seinfeld episode. Other than that I got no love for that crazy bitch.




She was in some good stuff man.

Great "bad guy" in Greg the Bunny. Always a much better guest on random Comedy Central shows and roasts then most of the medium talents they paraded around in the early 2000s like Kathy Griffin, Jeff Ross and Mario Cantone. I don't know how The Sarah Silverman Program has aged, but it was a trip back when it aired and the last funny thing I remember her ever doing.


Even if you saw those things back then and didn't care for her comic talent, don't miss the point here that she's a celebrity who turned so far to the Left that nobody thought they'd ever see her crawl out of it.

Others are bound to follow.


--------------------------------------------------

" 'You're like the Nazis' is the new 'I don't like you'. That disqualifies her from marching around planet Who-Gives-a-Shit in a helmet? ~Bill Maher

Collection of links to Second's, Nilbog's and Marcos' death threats: https://cutt.ly/tkCvEX6

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