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Originally posted by 1KIKI:
Interesting - clot busting drugs might work on the sickest patients -

https://abcnews.go.com/Health/wireStory/doctor-gambles-clot-busting-dr
ug-save-virus-patients-70100830

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WHO is investigating reports of recovered COVID patients testing positive again
April 10
Stephanie Nebehay


GENEVA (Reuters) - The World Health Organization (WHO) said on Saturday that it was looking into reports of some COVID-19 patients testing positive again after initially testing negative for the disease while being considered for discharge.

South Korean officials on Friday reported 91 patients thought cleared of the new coronavirus had tested positive again. Jeong Eun-kyeong, director of the Korea Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, told a briefing that the virus may have been “reactivated” rather than the patients being re-infected.

The Geneva-based WHO, asked about the report from Seoul, told Reuters in a brief statement: “We are aware of these reports of individuals who have tested negative for COVID-19 using PCR (polymerase chain reaction) testing and then after some days testing positive again.

“We are closely liaising with our clinical experts and working hard to get more information on those individual cases. It is important to make sure that when samples are collected for testing on suspected patients, procedures are followed properly,” it said.

According to the WHO’s guidelines on clinical management, a patient can be discharged from hospital after two consecutive negative results in a clinically recovered patient at least 24 hours apart, it added.

Based on current studies, there is a period of about two weeks between the onset of symptoms and clinical recovery of patients with mild COVID-19 disease, the agency said.

“We are aware that some patients are PCR positive after they clinically recover, but we need systematic collection of samples from recovered patients to better understand how long they shed live virus,” it said.
FILE PHOTO: A South Korean patient affected with the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) casts her ballot for the parliamentary election at a polling station set up at a quarantine center in Yongin, South Korea, April 11, 2020. REUTERS/Kim Hong-Ji/File Photo

South Korean health officials said on Friday that it remains unclear what is behind the trend, with epidemiological investigations still under way.

“As COVID-19 is a new disease, we need more epidemiological data to draw any conclusions of virus shedding profile,” the WHO said.

The number of deaths linked to the novel coronavirus reached 100,000 on Friday, as reported cases passed 1.6 million, according to a Reuters tally.

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Originally posted by 1KIKI:
Yeah, but if you don't tell people what topic it is you're posting about, you're an idiot.

MEANWHILE, I noticed that besides being incoherent, as usual you provided no links.

Whatever.

Babble to yourself all you want.

Putting you on ignore.

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Originally posted by SIGNYM:
I've mentioned Sweden as the bellweather nation for the "do nothing" approach, and I'm going to bring it up here again for the sake of continuity and completeness.

There were other "do nothing" nations, most recently Belarus, which had early on decided to keep the economy going but is now quietly changing its approach and asking Russia for help. Brazil continues its "do nothing" policy. India, in reality, can do nothing, altho to government virtue-signals its lockdown.

Neither Modi (India) nor Bolsanaro (Brazil) have the capacity to even know what's going on in their infamous slums/favelas. People could be keeling over at home from Covid, but until bodies start piling up in the streets, like in Ecuador, nobody will be the wiser. The total number of deaths will probably be drastically under-reported, not only because the governments have an interest in doing so, but their medical infrastructure is so woefully underpowered compared to the size of the population it would be a Herculean task just to come up with a decent tally.

In those other threads I mentioned that we can rely on Sweden's reporting, partly because Sweden has a well-developed medical and reporting system.

But then I remembered ... Sweden notoriously under-reported crimes by ME migrants, and made it illegal to even mention the ethnicity of the criminals. So Sweden isn't necessarily transparent either. Altho they have the capability for proper reporting, their history with their migrant problem shows they don't mind bending the truth ... alot ... in favor of government policy.

So, I would use their stats with caution, and be on the lookout for things like "excess deaths", not necessarily related to Covid-19.

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Pity would be no more,
If we did not MAKE men poor - William Blake

#STAYTHEFUCKHOME

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Originally posted by SIGNYM:


Like the last report, now with MORE PATIENTSS!

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WHO is investigating reports of recovered COVID patients testing positive again
April 10
Stephanie Nebehay


GENEVA (Reuters) - The World Health Organization (WHO) said on Saturday that it was looking into reports of some COVID-19 patients testing positive again after initially testing negative for the disease while being considered for discharge.

South Korean officials on Friday reported 91 patients thought cleared of the new coronavirus had tested positive again. Jeong Eun-kyeong, director of the Korea Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, told a briefing that the virus may have been “reactivated” rather than the patients being re-infected.

The Geneva-based WHO, asked about the report from Seoul, told Reuters in a brief statement: “We are aware of these reports of individuals who have tested negative for COVID-19 using PCR (polymerase chain reaction) testing and then after some days testing positive again.

“We are closely liaising with our clinical experts and working hard to get more information on those individual cases. It is important to make sure that when samples are collected for testing on suspected patients, procedures are followed properly,” it said.

According to the WHO’s guidelines on clinical management, a patient can be discharged from hospital after two consecutive negative results in a clinically recovered patient at least 24 hours apart, it added.

Based on current studies, there is a period of about two weeks between the onset of symptoms and clinical recovery of patients with mild COVID-19 disease, the agency said.

“We are aware that some patients are PCR positive after they clinically recover, but we need systematic collection of samples from recovered patients to better understand how long they shed live virus,” it said.
FILE PHOTO: A South Korean patient affected with the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) casts her ballot for the parliamentary election at a polling station set up at a quarantine center in Yongin, South Korea, April 11, 2020. REUTERS/Kim Hong-Ji/File Photo

South Korean health officials said on Friday that it remains unclear what is behind the trend, with epidemiological investigations still under way.

“As COVID-19 is a new disease, we need more epidemiological data to draw any conclusions of virus shedding profile,” the WHO said.

The number of deaths linked to the novel coronavirus reached 100,000 on Friday, as reported cases passed 1.6 million, according to a Reuters tally.

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https://www.reuters.com/article/us-health-coronavirus-who/who-is-inves
tigating-reports-of-recovered-covid-patients-testing-positive-again-idUSKCN21T0F1

This may slow, if not eventually halt altogther, the drive towards creating a vaccine. As KIKI said, the question is whether these people are infectious. Also, Why were these particular people retested? Were they symptomatic, or is this just a laboratory finding from a larger study? The article leaves out a lot of relevant information.

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Pity would be no more,
If we did not MAKE men poor - William Blake

#STAYTHEFUCKHOME
#WEARAMASK

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Originally posted by 1KIKI:
From WaPo: "Prominent Virginia pastor who preached that ‘God is larger than this dreaded virus’ dies of covid-19"

I laughed so hard I wheezed and coughed. Whoever knew WaPo had a sense of irony!

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Originally posted by MAGONSDAUGHTER:
Hi Ikiki
All going ok - I’m almost ashamed to say I’m enjoying the lockdown as it gives me a much needed break from much of my life lol

I’m lucky - I’m still able to work from home, I have a roof over my head and plenty of internet, food and supplies are all good and we are all healthy. Lots to be grateful for.

I’m really saddened by what’s happening there - especially NY - awful.

Thinking of you all - hope sanity rules and the lockdown continues until guided by people who actually have some expertise in virus management
??

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Originally posted by 1KIKI:
Your hero Trump did that.

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Russia ready to start testing coronavirus vaccines on humans in June

AFPApril 7, 2020, 5:22 PM UTC

The head of a major Russian research centre said scientists at a top-secret lab complex located in Koltsovo outside the Siberian city of Novosibirsk had developed several prototype coronavirus vaccines

Moscow (AFP) - The head of a top Russian research centre told President Vladimir Putin on Tuesday that his lab was ready to start human trials of experimental coronavirus vaccines in June.

Rinat Maksyutov, head of the Vektor State Virology and Biotechnology Centre, said his facility proposed first-phase clinical trials of three vaccines from June 29, on 180 volunteers.

Maksyutov was speaking during a video-link meeting between Putin and the heads of top research centres.

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Coronavirus Vaccine? Two Pharmaceutical Giants Collaborating To Develop One
April 14, 202012:55 PM ET

Two of the world's largest vaccine manufacturers are joining forces to develop a new vaccine to prevent COVID-19.

Usually, the pharmaceutical behemoths GlaxoSmithKline and Sanofi are competitors, but in a conference call with reporters, GSK CEO Emma Walmsley said the coronavirus pandemic represented "an unprecedented global health threat," and, therefore, required new ways of doing business.

"We're joining up with Sanofi in an unprecedented collaboration," Walmsley said. "It brings together two of the world's biggest vaccine companies with proven pandemic technologies and significant scale, all with the aim of developing an adjuvanted COVID-19 vaccine."

An adjuvanted vaccine is one that includes a compound known as an adjuvant that enhances someone's immune response to a vaccine. In the partnership, GSK will be providing the adjuvant and Sanofi will provide the specific protein component of the coronavirus that will generate the appropriate antibody response.

GSK is hoping the partnership will reduce the development time of a vaccine considerably. Under normal circumstances, it can take a decade to bring a new vaccine to market.

"But we're planning to start trials in the next few months," Walmsley said. "And if we're successful, subject to regulatory considerations, we aim to complete the development required to make the vaccine available in the second half of 2021."

Johnson & Johnson also provided an update on that company's vaccine plans in a conference call with investors. Chief Scientific Officer Paul Stoffels said the company had identified one lead and two alternate vaccine candidates that it planned to prepare to manufacture.

"Our goal is to be able to produce one billion doses of the vaccine globally," Stoffels said. He added that he hoped to have results of safety data on the first vaccine candidate by the end of the year.

"This could allow vaccine availability under emergency use authorization by 2021," Stoffels said.

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Novel coronavirus attacks and destroys T cells, just like HIV

Angela Betsaida B. Laguipo, BSNBy Angela Betsaida B. Laguipo, BSNApr 13 2020

The immune system has many components that work together in protecting the body from foreign invaders. One of the most important types of immune cells is T lymphocytes or T cells, a type of white blood cell that acts as the core of adaptive immunity, the system that modifies the immune response to specific pathogens.

Now, a team from the United States and China revealed evidence that the coronavirus disease, caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2), attacks the immune system’s T lymphocytes. The worrying findings highlight the destructive power of the novel coronavirus, which can destroy the immune system, leaving the patient unable to fight off the infection.

Coronaviruses have been causing problems in humans for a long time. Though many versions of the virus are known to trigger only mild symptoms such as common colds. However, three recent types of coronavirus have caused deadly diseases – the severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) in China in 2002, the Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS) in Saudi Arabia in 2012, and the current global pandemic, the coronavirus disease (COVID-19), which first emerged in Wuhan City, Hubei Province, in China December 2019.

The impact of the previous coronavirus outbreaks in 2002 and 2012 has been mild compared with the mayhem unleashed by the SARS-CoV-2. Within only a few months, the novel coronavirus has prompted most countries to go into lockdown, dwindling economies, and overwhelming health care systems with the more than 2 million people infected.

Meanwhile, scientists across the globe are racing to understand the SARS-CoV-2-in the hope of finding a treatment or cure. Now, the researchers’ surprise discovery has shed light on the potency of the novel coronavirus is killing powerful immune cells, which are supposed to kill the virus instead.

The researchers from the Fudan University in Shanghai, China, and the New York Blood Centre, has studied the virus’s action on T-lymphocyte cell lines. T lymphocytes or T cells work by identifying and eliminating foreign invaders in the body.

To arrive at their findings, published in the journal of Cellular & Molecular Immunology, the team captured a cell infected by the virus, penetrated the membrane, and injected toxic chemicals into the cell. After this, the chemicals killed both the virus and infected cells by tearing them into pieces.

Surprisingly, the team has found that when the coronavirus and the T cell came into contact with each other, the T cell became prey to the coronavirus, wherein a structure in the spike of the coronavirus triggered the attachment of a viral envelope and the cell membrane. After, the genes of the virus entered the T cell and overwhelmed it, took it hostage, and deactivated its ability to protect the body.

The team then tried to do the same with the SARS virus, and another coronavirus, but these pathogens were not able to infect T cells. The researchers suspect that the SARS virus, which caused an outbreak in 2002 to 2003, has a lack of a membrane fusion function. The virus can only infect cells that have a particular receptor protein called the angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2). T cells contain only a few ACE2 receptor proteins.

It is an important discovery, knowing the effect of the SARS-CoV-2 on T cells, since this may show why the disease is spreading so quickly, and infecting so many across the globe. It also explains why certain vulnerable populations are at a high risk of dying from the infection, including those who are more than 65, those who are immunocompromised, and those with underlying medical conditions like lung disease, heart disease, diabetes, and hypertension.

Further investigation shows that patients who died from COVID-19 had damage to their bodies similar to both SARS and HIV. Also, the team found that unlike HIV that replicates faulty T cells, the coronavirus does not replicate, showing that the T cells and the virus may end up dying together.

Source:

COVID-19 Dashboard by the Center for Systems Science and Engineering (CSSE) at Johns Hopkins University (JHU). (2020). https://gisanddata.maps.arcgis.com/apps/opsdashboard/index.html#/bda75
94740fd40299423467b48e9ecf6
Journal reference:

Xia, S., Liu, M., Wang, C., Xu, W., Lan, Q., Feng, S., Lu, L. et al. (2020). Inhibition of SARS-CoV-2 (previously 2019-nCoV) infection by a highly potent pan-coronavirus fusion inhibitor targeting its spike protein that harbors a high capacity to mediate membrane fusion. Cellular & Molecular Immunology. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32231345

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Experimental drug APN01 prevents COVID-19 infection in the lab

Dr. Ananya Mandal, MDBy Dr. Ananya Mandal, MDApr 6 2020

With the world gripped with the COVID-19 pandemic caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), there is a frantic rush to find an effective drug that can be used to treat the disease.

Researchers from the University of British Columbia, in collaboration with others, have found an experimental drug that can inhibit the SARS-CoV-2 virus from infecting host cells. Their study titled, "Inhibition of SARS-CoV-2 infections in engineered human tissues using clinical-grade soluble human ACE2," was published in the latest issue of the journal Cell.

... Dr. Josef Penninger, study leader, and his team are working on ways to inhibit SARS-CoV-2's capacity to infect human host cells. They write that in their previous study, they had explained the mechanism of infection caused by this virus and how angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) receptor plays a vital role in the infection. The enzyme ACE2 has the capacity to protect the lungs from injury caused by the virus. This also provided an explanation regarding the severe lung damage, respiratory failure, kidney and blood vessels, and eventual death seen in some of the individuals.

... Dr. Art Slutsky, a scientist at the Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science of St. Michael's Hospital and professor at the University of Toronto, who was part of this study explained, "Our new study provides very much needed direct evidence that a drug -- called APN01 (human recombinant soluble angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 - hrsACE2) -- soon to be tested in clinical trials by the European biotech company Apeiron Biologics, is useful as an antiviral therapy for COVID-19."

APN01 is a recombinant human Angiotensin Converting Enzyme 2 (rhACE2) under Phase-2 clinical development in ALI (Acute Lung Injury) and PAH (Pulmonal arterial hypertension). Recently, ACE2 has been shown to be the cellular entry receptor for the novel coronavirus SARS-CoV-2. Therefore APEIRON initiated now a clinical Phase II study in Austria, Germany, and Denmark for treatment of COVID-19 and is planning a clinical study in China in patients infected with SARS-CoV-2. APEIRON Biologics AG.

For this study, the team used biomedically engineered organoids in the lab that mimicked human blood vessels and kidneys. These are essentially clumps of cells that act as the whole organ within the human body and are grown from human stem cells. On these organoids, the team then used hrsACE2 and found that it could prevent the entry of the coronavirus into the host cells. The decrease in the viral load affecting the host cells was by a factor of 1,000-5,000, they wrote.

... For this study, they used a Swedish patient who tested positive for COVID-19 in early February 2020. The SARS-CoV-2 virus was isolated from the nasopharyngeal samples of the patient. They grew the virus in the Vero E6 cells and looked at its genetic sequence using Next-Generation Sequencing (Genbank accession number MT093571).

... They wrote, "hrsACE-2 can inhibit SARS-CoV-2 infection in a dose-dependent manner hrsACE2 has already undergone clinical phase 1 and phase 2 testing and is being considered for the treatment of COVID-19."

The study was funded by the Canadian federal government.
Sources:

Zhang, H., Penninger, J.M., Li, Y., Zhong, N., and Slutsky, A.S. (2020). Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) as a SARS-CoV-2 receptor: molecular mechanisms and potential therapeutic target. Intensive Care Med.
APEIRON’s product pipeline - https://www.apeiron-biologics.com/project-overview/#APN01
APEIRON Biologics Initiates Phase II Clinical Trial of APN01 for Treatment of COVID-19 - https://www.apeiron-biologics.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/04/20200402_
APEIRON_Phase-2-EU-trial_APN01_ENG.pdf

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non-existent HIV-like spike protein inserts.

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No. 1. Public health authorities [must] posses the ability to test people and track contacts of new cases is condition
2 ... taking more steps to protect the vulnerable and the elderly.[SUCH AS?]
3 ... bolster state hospital systems and build up supplies of PPE.
4 ... "engage researchers and universities" to work toward treatments.
5 ... is re-drawing floor plans in businesses, parks etc. to accommodate distancing. And finally, the ability to switch the 'stay at home' order back on if the second wave begins to overwhelm.

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Originally posted by SIGNYM:
They've done testing on ferrets and ... something else, I forget which. Safety testing in people is the next step.

But how do you test for effectiveness, short of exposing people to the virus? There's no guarantee that another animal's immune response is a good model for ours.

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Pity would be no more,
If we did not MAKE men poor - William Blake

#STAYTHEFUCKHOME
#WEARAMASK

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Originally posted by SIGNYM:
They've done testing on ferrets and ... something else, I forget which. Safety testing in people is the next step.

But how do you test for effectiveness, short of exposing people to the virus? There's no guarantee that another animal's immune response is a good model for ours.

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Pity would be no more,
If we did not MAKE men poor - William Blake

#STAYTHEFUCKHOME
#WEARAMASK

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Select to view spoiler:

Select to view spoiler:

Select to view spoiler:

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Originally posted by 6IXSTRINGJACK:
Not wearing a mask, and summer is coming so I won't be staying home either.

Do Right, Be Right. :)

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Originally posted by SIGNYM:

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Originally posted by 6IXSTRINGJACK:
Not wearing a mask, and summer is coming so I won't be staying home either.

Do Right, Be Right. :)

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But you'll suck off the government teat while complaining about intrusive government, all while refusing to do the simplest, cheapest, most self empowering thing you can do.

You're a strange duck, SIX

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Pity would be no more,
If we did not MAKE men poor - William Blake

#STAYTHEFUCKHOME
#WEARAMASK

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SIX: Not wearing a mask, and summer is coming so I won't be staying home either.

SIGNY: But you'll suck off the government teat while complaining about intrusive government, all while refusing to do the simplest, cheapest, most self empowering thing you can do.
You're a strange duck, SIX


SIX: I'm going to take the money that everybody else is getting, sure. They're even giving it to people who don't live here legally in your state.
That money comes at a cost that we'll all be paying in the future. Whatever I don't spend on my house and bills is going into the bank because our money will be worth less when this is all over.
What are you doing with your money? Are you giving it back to the government then? You must be, because you're pretending hard like you're not going to take it.

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SIX: I've already got it and I'm over it.

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SIX: I'm not going to wear a mask unless I'm doing drywall... Assuming that they're not still sold out when I need it.

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Originally posted by SIGNYM:
You're a strange duck, SIX

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Pity would be no more,
If we did not MAKE men poor - William Blake

#STAYTHEFUCKHOME
#WEARAMASK

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